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<p style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; -webkit-line-clamp: revert; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;" data-pasted="true">というコードは、<strong style="font-weight: 700;">現在ログインしているユーザーのIDを取得する</strong>ためのものです。</p><h2 style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; font: 18px / 24px Roboto, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">1.&nbsp;<code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">User</code> オブジェクト</h2><ul style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;">コントローラーや Razor ページ内で使える&nbsp;<code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">User</code> は、<code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">ClaimsPrincipal</code> 型のオブジェクトです。</li><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;">認証が成功すると、ユーザー情報（クレーム）がこの&nbsp;<code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">User</code> に格納されます。</li></ul><h2 style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; font: 18px / 24px Roboto, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">2. クレーム（Claim）</h2><ul style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;"><strong style="font-weight: 700;">クレーム</strong>とは「ユーザーに関する属性情報」のことです。</li><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;">例：<ul style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert;"><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;">ユーザーID</li><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;">メールアドレス</li><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;">ロール（管理者、一般ユーザーなど）</li></ul></li><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;"><code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier</code> は、<strong style="font-weight: 700;">ユーザーを一意に識別するID</strong>を表す標準クレームタイプです。</li></ul><h2 style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; font: 18px / 24px Roboto, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">3.&nbsp;<code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">FindFirstValue</code> メソッド</h2><ul style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;">名前空間：<code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">System.Security.Claims</code></li><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;"><code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">User.FindFirstValue(type)</code> は、指定したクレームタイプの最初の値を返します。</li><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;">ここでは&nbsp;<code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier</code> を指定しているので、<strong style="font-weight: 700;">ログインユーザーのID文字列</strong>が返ります。</li></ul><h2 style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; font: 18px / 24px Roboto, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">4. 動作例</h2><p data-bm="74" style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; -webkit-line-clamp: revert; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">例えば、認証後のクレームが次のようになっているとします：</p><table data-bm="75" style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; width: 750px; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><thead><tr style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert;"><th style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;">Type</th><th style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;">Value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert;"><td style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; vertical-align: top;"><code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/nameidentifier</code></td><td style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; vertical-align: top;"><code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">42</code></td></tr><tr style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert;"><td style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; vertical-align: top;"><code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/emailaddress</code></td><td style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; vertical-align: top;"><code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">user@example.com</code></td></tr></tbody></table><p data-bm="76" style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; -webkit-line-clamp: revert; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">この場合、</p><pre data-priority="2" data-bm="77" style="color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 8px; padding: 12px 20px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace; display: block; white-space: pre-wrap; margin-right: 20px;"><span style="color: rgb(215, 58, 73);">var</span> userId = User.FindFirstValue(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier);
Console.WriteLine(userId); <span style="color: rgb(106, 115, 125);">// 出力: 42</span>
</code></pre><p data-bm="78" style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; -webkit-line-clamp: revert; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">となります。</p><h2 data-bm="79" style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; font: 18px / 24px Roboto, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">5. 注意点</h2><ul data-bm="80" style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;">認証されていない場合や、クレームに&nbsp;<code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">NameIdentifier</code> が含まれていない場合は&nbsp;<code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">null</code> が返ります。</li><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;">JWT 認証や Cookie 認証で&nbsp;<code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">NameIdentifier</code> クレームを発行する設定が必要です。</li><li style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin-top: revert; margin-right: revert; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: revert; padding: revert;">ASP.NET Identity を使っている場合は、デフォルトで&nbsp;<code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">NameIdentifier</code> にユーザーIDが入ります。</li></ul><p data-bm="81" style="border: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; list-style-type: revert; margin: revert; padding: revert; -webkit-line-clamp: revert; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">✅&nbsp;<strong style="font-weight: 700;">まとめ</strong><br><code style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-radius: 4px; padding: 1px 4px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font: 14px / 20px monospace;">var userId = User.FindFirstValue(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier);</code> は、<br><strong style="font-weight: 700;">「現在ログインしているユーザーの一意なIDをクレームから取得する」</strong><br>という意味です。</p><p data-f-id="pbf" style="text-align: center; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 30px; opacity: 0.65; font-family: sans-serif;">Powered by <a href="https://www.froala.com/wysiwyg-editor?pb=1" title="Froala Editor">Froala Editor</a></p>

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